Vikshepa is the projecting power of the mind—the restless outward movement that scatters attention, fuels distraction, and obstructs steady contemplation.

Mala is the mental impurity formed by past actions and emotional residues, creating heaviness and reactivity that obstruct clarity and self-inquiry.

Avarana is the veiling power of maya—the cognitive covering that obscures recognition of the Self and gives rise to ignorance, misidentification, and spiritual confusion.

A clear Vedanta glossary entry on vritti—the mental modifications or thought-waves of the mind. Explains how thoughts, emotions, and perceptions arise, and why none of them belong to the Self.

A deep Vedantic look at emotions: why humans need them, why the Self doesn’t, and how identification—not feeling—is the real source of suffering.

A Vedantic analysis of the American psyche, revealing how rajas and tamas have shaped the nation’s myths, leaders, temperament, and cultural destiny.